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Hardening: sunbathing / солнечные ванны

 The effect of sunlight on the sweat glands. Sweat glands are located throughout the body surface is uneven, for example, on the one hand on account 1000 cm2 sweat glands elsewhere - from 200 to 300, and in some - they have completely. Nerve fibers suitable to sweat glands belong to the sympathetic nervous system. Disputed by some researchers to specify the fact about the sweat glands are innervated and parasympathetic fibers. Low center of sweat glands embedded in the spinal cord (the main - in the medulla). The activity of the sweat glands under the regulatory influence of the cerebral cortex of the brain. The main value of the sweat glands - thermostatic expansion. Any overheating of the body causes a rise in body temperature. The lowering of the temperature of participating sweat glands, they secrete sweat evaporation which takes away from the body heat. Effect of sunlight on sweating expressed most vigorously at high temperature and under a large number of direct and indirect heat rays act on the skin when perspiration. The sweat evaporation occurs continuously, regardless of the amount of heat rays.

 Sweating process subject to various fluctuations and depend not only on temperature but also on the atmospheric conditions (wind, humidity). Urine output is also subject to various fluctuations. Between sweating and urination, there is a direct relationship. When significantly increased sweating, urination is reduced. Normally urination influenced sunbathing increases; increases and excrete solid components of urine due to increased protein and salt metabolism. The work of the kidneys under the influence of sun exposure increases, and increases the supply of blood. In normal renal function and normal state of the vascular and secretory apparatus reinforced the kidneys tolerated satisfactorily. Temperature sunbathing on the basis of the data on the effect of radiant energy on the human body, we can establish that the effect is quite different and differently perceived by the person. The best conditions for sunbathing are in the mountains, forest spaces aquatic basins, the worst - in low-lying areas (except deserts and steppes) as well as in densely populated areas. The most effective sunshine in June, July and August, when its spectrum appearing most extreme ultra-violet rays, which, thanks to a shorter path of the sun's rays in the atmosphere do not have time to dissipate before the end. Using radiant radiation as a means of prevention and hardening, it is necessary to take into account the impact of not only the direct rays, but also reflected and scattered. On cloudy days the diffuse light reaches the lowest value, and on sunny days with large bright white cumulus clouds reaches its maximum value. Expressed in units of heat per unit area and the radiant energy is brought by a diffuse light reaches almost half of direct sunlight. Bare soil absorbs the optical and ultraviolet rays, and mainly reflects infrared. Land covered with vegetation, absorb than optical and ultraviolet rays, a small amount of infrared and reflects green. During sunbathing importance are the temperature, humidity, wind, and barometric pressure. The temperature is measured in the sun and in the shade. It should also determine the temperature near the place where the sunshine bath. The temperature varies even within the same beach, the same site, the same tanning and depends on the level above ground, distance from fence close to a wall, and so on. N. In those places where the air movement is restricted ( near the walls, rocks and so forth.), the temperature is higher. Humidity changes pulmonary respiration and skin perspiration. Air movement affects the process of thermoregulation. Excluding the weather and climate conditions can not be sure of the effectiveness of tempering the sun.

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